| Definition | L-arginine, also known as L-arg or (S)-2-amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as L-alpha-amino acids. L-alpha-amino acids are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. L-arginine is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). L-arginine can be found in a number of food items such as redcurrant, welsh onion, buffalo currant, and american cranberry, which makes L-arginine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. L-arginine can be found primarily in most biofluids, including saliva, blood, urine, and feces, as well as throughout most human tissues. L-arginine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, L-arginine is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include transcription/Translation, aspartate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and glycine and serine metabolism. L-arginine is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include ornithine aminotransferase deficiency (OAT deficiency), citrullinemia type I, hyperornithinemia with gyrate atrophy (HOGA), and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase deficiency. Moreover, L-arginine is found to be associated with leukemia, hyperdibasic aminoaciduria I, alzheimer's disease, and intestinal failure. L-arginine is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. L-arginine is a drug which is used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance. Arginine (abbreviated as Arg or R) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It is encoded by the codons CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG. It contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain consisting of a 3-carbon aliphatic straight chain ending in a guanidino group. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−COO−), the amino group is protonated (−NH3+), and the guanidino group is also protonated to give the guanidinium form (-C-(NH2)2+), making arginine a charged, aliphatic amino acid. It is the precursor for the biosynthesis of nitric oxide . Some metabolism of L-arginine takes place in the enterocytes. L-arginine not metabolized in the enterocytes enters the portal circulation from whence it is transported to the liver, where again some portion of the amino acid is metabolized (DrugBank). Some metabolism of L-arginine takes place in the enterocytes. L-arginine not metabolized in the enterocytes enters the portal circulation from whence it is transported to the liver, where again some portion of the amino acid is metabolized (T3DB). |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (2S)-2-Amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid | ChEBI | | (2S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid | ChEBI | | (S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid | ChEBI | | (S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid | ChEBI | | Arg | ChEBI | | Arginine | ChEBI | | L-(+)-Arginine | ChEBI | | L-Arg | ChEBI | | L-Arginin | ChEBI | | R | ChEBI | | (2S)-2-Amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoate | Generator | | (2S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoate | Generator | | (S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoate | Generator | | (S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinovalerate | Generator | | (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-pentanoate | HMDB | | (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-pentanoic acid | HMDB | | (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoate | HMDB | | (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoic acid | HMDB | | 2-Amino-5-guanidinovalerate | HMDB | | 2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid | HMDB | | 5-[(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]-L-norvaline | HMDB | | L-a-Amino-D-guanidinovalerate | HMDB | | L-a-Amino-D-guanidinovaleric acid | HMDB | | L-alpha-Amino-delta-guanidinovalerate | HMDB | | L-alpha-Amino-delta-guanidinovaleric acid | HMDB | | N5-(Aminoiminomethyl)-L-ornithine | HMDB | | DL-Arginine acetate, monohydrate | HMDB | | L-Isomer arginine | HMDB | | Monohydrate DL-arginine acetate | HMDB | | L Arginine | HMDB | | Arginine, L isomer | HMDB | | Arginine, L-isomer | HMDB | | Hydrochloride, arginine | HMDB | | Arginine hydrochloride | HMDB | | DL Arginine acetate, monohydrate | HMDB |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H14N4O2/c7-4(5(11)12)2-1-3-10-6(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,11,12)(H4,8,9,10)/t4-/m0/s1 |
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