Showing chemical card for Xylulose 5-phosphate (CFc000000691)
Record Information
Version
1.0
Creation Date
2022-08-28 10:25:12 UTC
Update Date
2022-09-13 18:45:09 UTC
Chemfont ID
CFc000000691
Molecule Identification
Common Name
Xylulose 5-phosphate
Definition
Xylulose 5-phosphate (Xu-5-P) is a metabolite of the hexose monophosphate pathway that activates protein phosphatase 2A to mediate the acute effects of carbohydrate feeding on the glycolytic pathway, as well as the coordinate long-term control of the enzymes required for fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. Xu-5-P is the signal for the coordinated control of lipogenesis. Feeding carbohydrate causes levels of liver glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6-P), and Fructose-6-phosphate (Fru-6-P) to rise. Elevation of Fru-6-P leads to elevation of Xu-5-P in reactions catalyzed by the near-equilibrium isomerases of the nonoxidative portion of the hexose monophosphate pathway (ribulose 5-phosphate (Ru5P) epimerase [EC 5.1.3.1], ribose 5-phosphate (Rib5P) isomerase [EC 5.3.1.6], transaldolase [EC 2.2.1.2], and transketolase [EC 2.2.1.1]). The elevation of Xu-5-P is the coordinating signal that both acutely activates phosphofructokinase [PFK; EC 2.7.1.11] in glycolysis and promotes the action of the transcription factor carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) to increase transcription of the genes for the enzymes of lipogenesis, the hexose monophosphate shunt, and glycolysis, all of which are required for the de novo synthesis of fat. (PMID 12721358 ).
Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pentose phosphates. These are carbohydrate derivatives containing a pentose substituted by one or more phosphate groups.
Shaeri, Jobin; Wohlgemuth, Roland; Woodley, John M. Semiquantitative Process Screening for the Biocatalytic Synthesis of D-Xylulose-5-phosphate. Organic Process Research & Development (2006), 10(3), 605-610.
