Showing chemical card for Hydrogen carbonate (CFc000000463)
Record Information
Version
1.0
Creation Date
2022-08-28 10:25:12 UTC
Update Date
2022-09-13 18:44:51 UTC
Chemfont ID
CFc000000463
Molecule Identification
Common Name
Hydrogen carbonate
Definition
Bicarbonate, or hydrogen carbonate, is a simple single carbon molecule that plays surprisingly important roles in diverse biological processes. Among these are photosynthesis, the Krebs cycle, whole-body and cellular pH regulation, and volume regulation. Since bicarbonate is charged it is not permeable to lipid bilayers. Mammalian membranes thus contain bicarbonate transport proteins to facilitate the specific transmembrane movement of HCO3(-). Bicarbonate ion is an anion that consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens. The bicarbonate ion carries a negative one formal charge and is the conjugate base of carbonic acid, H2CO3. The carbonate radical is an elusive and strong one-electron oxidant. Bicarbonate in equilibrium with carbon dioxide constitutes the main physiological buffer. The bicarbonate-carbon dioxide pair stimulates the oxidation, peroxidation and nitration of several biological targets. The demonstration that the carbonate radical existed as an independent species in aqueous solutions at physiological pH and temperature renewed the interest in the pathophysiological roles of this radical and related species. The carbonate radical has been proposed to be a key mediator of the oxidative damage resulting from peroxynitrite production, xanthine oxidase turnover and superoxide dismutase1 peroxidase activity. The carbonate radical has also been proposed to be responsible for the stimulatory effects of the bicarbonate-carbon dioxide pair on oxidations mediated by hydrogen peroxide/transition metal ions. The ultimate precursor of the carbonate radical anion being bicarbonate, carbon dioxide, peroxymonocarbonate or complexes of transition metal ions with bicarbonate-derived species remains a matter of debate. The carbonate radical mediates some of the pathogenic effects of peroxynitrite. The carbonate radical as the oxidant produced from superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1, SOD1) peroxidase activity. Peroxymonocarbonate is a biological oxidant, whose existence is in equilibrium with hydrogen peroxide and bicarbonate (PMID: 17505962 , 17215880 ). Hydrogen carbonate is found to be associated with hawkinsinuria, which is an inborn error of metabolism.
3D Structure for CFc000000463 (Hydrogen carbonate)
Synonyms
Value
Source
[CO2(OH)](-)
ChEBI
Acid carbonate
ChEBI
Bicarbonate
ChEBI
BICARBONATE ion
ChEBI
HCO3(-)
ChEBI
Hydrogencarbonate
Kegg
Acid carbonic acid
Generator
Bicarbonic acid
Generator
BICARBONic acid ion
Generator
Hydrogencarbonic acid
Generator
Hydrogen carbonic acid
Generator
Bicarbonates
MeSH
Hydrogen carbonates
MeSH
Ions, carbonic acid
MeSH
Carbonic acid ions
MeSH
Bicarbonate ions
MeSH
Carbonates, hydrogen
MeSH
Carbonate, hydrogen
MeSH
Ions, bicarbonate
MeSH
Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
HMDB
Bicarbonate anion
HMDB
Bicarbonate ion (HCO31-)
HMDB
Carbonate
HMDB
Carbonate (HCO31-)
HMDB
Carbonate ion (HCO31-)
HMDB
Carbonic acid
HMDB
Hydrocarbonate(1-)
HMDB
Hydrogen carbonate (HCO3-)
HMDB
Hydrogen carbonate anion
HMDB
Hydrogen carbonate ion
HMDB
Hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO3-)
HMDB
Hydrogentrioxocarbonate
HMDB
Monohydrogen carbonate
HMDB
Chemical Formula
CHO3
Average Molecular Weight
61.0168
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight
60.992568898
IUPAC Name
hydrogen carbonate
Traditional Name
bicarbonate
CAS Registry Number
71-52-3
SMILES
OC([O-])=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/CH2O3/c2-1(3)4/h(H2,2,3,4)/p-1
InChI Key
BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Chemical Taxonomy
Description
Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organic carbonic acids. Organic carbonic acids are compounds comprising the carbonic acid functional group.
